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| Soil applied cell membrane disruptor herbicides | |||||
 sulfentrazone |
 sulfentrazone |
 sulfentrazone |
 sulfentrazone |
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Soil applied cell membrane disruptors [sulfentrazone (Spartan®/Authority®, Canopy XL®, Gauntlet®)] may cause injury. Symptoms include shriveled stems caused by rain splashing the herbicide onto the hypocotyls as they emerged. Sulfentrazone sensitive varieties may develop leaf chlorosis. Adverse growing conditions that place soybean plants under stress or use of excessive rates will enhance injury. Stress conditions can include heavy rains shortly after application, drought, high temperatures, high pH soil, root pathogens and nematodes. Prolonged injury may result in yield reduction. Flumioxazin (Valor) will cause similar symptomology.
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| Tank contamination or drift of non-selective cell membrane disruptors herbicides | |||||
 paraquat |
 paraquat |
 paraquat |
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Applications of paraquat (Gramoxone®) to adjacent areas can result in leaf burn and spotting/speckling, especially with windy conditions and high spray pressure. Only tissue directly contacted by the herbicide will demonstrate symptoms and soybean will usually recover from this type of injury. Often a red ring develops around the necrotic spots. Damage occurs to both leaves and stems.
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| Postemergence application of selective cell membrane disruptors herbicides | |||||
 diphenylether |
 diphenylether |
 diphenylether |
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 flumiclorac |
 flumiclorac |
 aciflurofen |
 fomesafen |
 carfentrazone |
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| Diphenylether [lactofen (Cobra®), acifluorfen (Blazer®), fomesafen (Reflex®/Flexstar®)], aryltriazolinone [carfentrazone (Aim®)], N-phenylthalimides [flumiclorac (Resource®)] injury symptoms appear as leaf crinkling, speckling or spotting and temporary suppression of soybean growth. Injury may be more pronounced when tankmixed with other herbicides or specific additives, or when applied during periods of high temperature or humidity. Normal growth resumes with in a few weeks. With all postemergence cell membrane disruptors, newly expanding leaflets may show crinkling, but not necrosis. This occurs because the new leaflets did not have the upper surface exposed to the spray particles. | |||||
| Links to state specific information: | |||||||||
| Georgia | Indiana | Missouri | Wisconsin | ||||||