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There are four species of root-knot nematode known to parasitize soybeans. These are the peanut root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne arenaria; the southern root-knot nematode, M. incognita; the northern root-knot nematode, M. hapla; and the Javanese root-knot nematode, M. javanica.
Foliar symptoms vary from chlorosis and slight stunting, to severely suppressed growth and death of the plant. Northern root-knot nematode also can cause proliferation of secondary roots on the galls. Resistant varieties and rotation to nonhost crops are the best choices for control. Above-ground symptoms of root-knot nematode damage are not unique. The presence of root galls is the characteristic symptom of root-knot nematodes. Galls vary in size and shape depending on species and number of nematodes in the galls. Infestations of the root-knot nematode also can be accurately diagnosed by detecting juveniles of the nematode in soil samples. |
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