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Soybean mosaic causes a green to yellow mottling or mosaic pattern on leaf tissue as well as puckering and distortion of the leaf shape. On severely infected plants, leaves are curled downward along their margins and plants are stunted. Symptoms vary with the susceptibility of the variety, strain of the virus, age at which the plant became infected and environmental conditions.
Soybean mosaic virus is sap transmissible and vectored by several species of aphids. Soybean mosaic virus may also be seedborne. Infected seed show a bleeding hilum symptom or a brown to black mottling of the seed coat. Yield losses from soybean mosaic tend to be higher in late-planted or double crop soybeans. When bean pod mottle and soybean mosaic occur in combination in the same plant, symptoms are more severe and yield losses higher than those caused by either virus alone. Losses may be reduced by planting disease-free seed, selecting resistant varieties and maintaining good weed control. |
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